On the stability and structure of shock waves in interplanetary space

Structure of interplanetary shock waves formed by interaction of geomagnetic field and solar wind - earth bow shoc

Mating Frequency of European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Minnesota, Kansas, and Texas

The frequency of mating and polyandry in natural populations are important parameters for understanding evolutionary dynamics. Mating frequency among natural populations of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) [Lepidoptera: Crambidae] are quite variable. Showers et al. (1974) found 91.1, 73.8, and 71.3% of females had mated during the second flight over 1971-3 at one location in Iowa. During 1971, only 10% mated multiple times, with lower levels of polyandry in subsequent years. In an earlier study in Iowa, Pesho (1961) found that 65-100 % of females had mated and up to 43% had mated more than once. A population in southwestern Ontario averaged 73% mating and 37% polyandry for the 5-year period from 1971-5, a higher rate of polyandry than during the same period in Iowa (Elliot, 1977). In this note, we amplify these previously published results by reporting the mating status of female O. nubilalis captured in light traps in Minnesota, Kansas and Texas. We also provide evidence that some females in natural populations may be sperm-limited

Designing sustainable medical devices

Stakeholders in the medical device manufacturing industry are becoming more concerned about the environmental impact of their products and processes. The consumers are also becoming more aware of the negative impact that manufacturers can have on the environment. Government initiatives continue to increase environmental awareness through the development of new policy and legislation, encouraging industry to become more accountable for the environmental impact of their products and operations. The ISO 14001 standard, Environmental Management Systems-Requirements with Guidance for Use, sets guidelines to enable businesses to recognize the environmental effects of their products and processes. Departments can use the tool to set targets to lower the environmental impact and identify areas of high environmental concern when designing, purchasing, and marketing products. Research in these areas will be used to develop the environmental scoring tool to aid in the design of future sustainable medical devices

Examining the Contributions of Glacial Till Water to Storm Runoff using Two- and Three-Component Hydrograph Separations

Two- and three-component hydrograph separations based on 18O and dissolved silica are used to investigate the contributions of glacial till water to the storm runoff of a headwater stream on the Canadian Shield. Two-component isotopic hydrograph separations based on 18O indicate that the volume and flux of event water could be accounted for by direct precipitation onto saturated areas. Three-component hydrograph separations distinguish between event water, preevent soil water, and preevent till water. These results show that groundwater flow through coarse-textured glacial tills can make a significant contribution to stream discharge during runoff events (29 and 62% in this study) despite the lower hydraulic conductivities of the tills compared to the overlying soils. The three-component hydrograph separations also demonstrate that the relative contributions of preevent soil water and preevent till water changed during one runoff event such that the average water chemistry of the preevent component varied during the event. Two-component hydrograph separations using dissolved silica indicate that seasonal changes in the till water contributions also occur and are related to groundwater levels. Measurements of vertical hydraulic gradients during runoff events indicate that the increase in flow from the tills to the soils is minimal and cannot account for the large and rapid increase in till water flow into the stream. Till water that has discharged to the soils prior to the event is probably being flushed from the soils into the stream during events

The H.E.S.S. View of the Central 200 Parsecs

The inner few hundred parsecs of our galaxy provide a laboratory for the study of the production and propagation of energetic particles. Very-high-energy gamma-rays provide an effective probe of these processes and, especially when combined with data from other wave-bands, gamma-rays observations are a powerful diagnostic tool. Within this central region, data from the H.E.S.S. instrument have revealed three discrete sources of very-high-energy gamma-rays and diffuse emission correlated with the distribution of molecular material. Here I provide an overview of these recent results from H.E.S.S.Comment: Proceedings of the Galactic Centre Workshop 200

LOCAL GOVERNMENT Authority to Enter Contracts: Provide for Additional Authority with Respect to Entering into Certain Contracts of One Year or Less; Provide for an Exception

This Act allows counties and municipal corporations to contract with federal income tax exempt, private, nonprofit organizations which fall under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. These nonprofit organizations include chambers of commerce. The Act also provides an exception for any county funds collected under the hotel-motel tax, unless that county meets an additional exception

LOCAL GOVERNMENT Authority to Enter Contracts: Provide for Additional Authority with Respect to Entering into Certain Contracts of One Year or Less; Provide for an Exception

This Act allows counties and municipal corporations to contract with federal income tax exempt, private, nonprofit organizations which fall under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. These nonprofit organizations include chambers of commerce. The Act also provides an exception for any county funds collected under the hotel-motel tax, unless that county meets an additional exception

Postcards from the war : a rhetorical analysis of authorship and audience in Martha Gellhorn\u27s war-torn travel writing

Although Martha Gellhorn is well established as one of the century\u27s greatest war reporters, her non-fiction can best be understood as an original form of travel writing. Through a close reading of some 125 of Gellhorn\u27s articles in 23 publications, this study explores how Gellhorn blended elements of journalism, memoir, and travelogue to fashion a vivid style of war reporting. Theories of rhetoric regarding symbols of language were used to develop a basis for the analysis. Gellhorn pushed the boundaries of conventional travel writing and is difficult to categorize as a journalist and a literary figure. Originally enamored of journalism as a truth-telling process, she became disenchanted with journalism\u27s ability to shape public experience in the wake of the complex wars that shaped the Twentieth Century. Furthermore, this investigation offers an additional lens by which to examine travel literature. The depth and dimension of the genre is expanded because Gellhorn straddled the line between traditional and contemporary travel writing while enlarging the frontier of cultures by introducing the surreal destination of war. Her impressionistic vignettes are digestible commentary for readers she hoped to transform from armchair travelers into informed citizens of the world. She developed a unique writer-reader camaraderie by bringing the reader to the scene herself. She did so by being a chauffeur, shipmate, teacher, reliable commentator, hostess, tour guide, traveler and writer. Her audience members became those counterparts: passenger, shipmate, student, guest, tourist, fellow traveler and reader

DOMESTIC RELATIONS Child Custody Proceedings: Replace the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Enforcement Act; Establish Updated, Uniform Procedures for Child Custody Proceedings; Provide How Courts of This State Shall Treat Indian Tribes and Foreign Countries in Child Custody Proceedings and Enforcement of Child Custody Determinations; Provide Remedies to Ensure Safety of the Child; and Provide That Disclosure of the Name and State of a Family Violence Shelter Is Sufficient

The Act updates the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act to include the requirements of the Hague Convention and two federal statutes enacted since the passage of the original law. The Act\u27s primary changes include provisions for how the courts should treat Indian tribes and foreign countries with respect to a state court\u27s jurisdiction and provisions to ensure a child\u27s safety if a family violence situation should prevent detailed disclosure of the child\u27s location